When an airplane is changing attitude in flight, it's moving around one or more of the three axes of motion, that passing through the center of its gravity. At the intersection of the three axes everyone is always at an angle of 90 ° relative to the other two.
The axis that runs from the nose of the aircraft and reaches the tail, is the longitudinal axis, the axis that runs from one to the other wing is the lateral axis and the axis that runs vertically from the center of gravity is the vertical axis.
The movements of the airplane in each of these axes are called Rolling, Pitching and Yawing. To achieve these movements, airplanes need the basic flight control systems, Aileron, Elevator and Rudder.
Aileron
It is a modular surface which controls the airplane's movement on the axis of roll. This surface is usually on the back of each wing. Ailerons are connected in a matter that when one goes up, the other in the other wing goes down correspondingly. So on the first wing we create negative lift and on the other positive. This eventually causing one wing to rise upwards and simultaneously the other downwards. In this way we change the tilt of the airplane around the longitudinal axis, so we have rotation to the left or to the right.
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For FlightSimmer.GR
Giannis Evagelinos